Julius Caesar Parreñas is Managing Director at Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC). He coordinates the Asia-Pacific Financial Forum (APFF) and represents the APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC) in the APEC Finance Ministers’ Process. Previous to this, he had served as Senior Advisor of the Daiwa Institute of Research at the Daiwa Securities Group, Senior Advisor at Mizuho Bank, Nomura Research Institute and Nomura Securities, Advisor on International Affairs of the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd and Senior Advisory Fellow of the Institute for International Monetary Affairs in Tokyo. He received his Ph.D., magna cum laude, from the Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich, Germany. He has authored over 100 publications on finance and economics.